Qala

Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1830 ngemuva nje kokuzalwa kwemoto yomusi, abanye abantu bacabanga ukunikeza isethi yamasondo emoto “imigqa” yokhuni nerabha, ukuze izimoto zomusi ezisindayo zikwazi ukuhamba emhlabathini othambile, kodwa ukusebenza komzila wokuqala kanye nomphumela wokusetshenziswa akukuhle, kwaze kwaba ngu-1901 lapho uLombard e-United States athuthukisa imoto yokudonsa amahlathi, wasungula umzila wokuqala kuphela onemiphumela emihle esebenzayo. Eminyakeni emithathu kamuva, unjiniyela waseCalifornia uHolt wasebenzisa ukusungulwa kukaLombard ukuklama nokwakha itrektara yomusi “engu-77″.

Kwakuyitrektha yokuqala elandelwayo emhlabeni. Ngomhlaka-24 Novemba 1904, itrektha yahlolwa okokuqala futhi kamuva yafakwa ekukhiqizweni okukhulu. Ngo-1906, inkampani yokukhiqiza amatrektha kaHolt yakha itrektha yokuqala emhlabeni esebenza ngenjini yokushisa yangaphakathi esebenzisa uphethiloli, eyaqala ukukhiqizwa okukhulu ngonyaka olandelayo, yayiyitrektha ephumelele kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi, futhi yaba yisibonelo sethangi lokuqala emhlabeni elathuthukiswa amaNgisi eminyakeni embalwa kamuva. Ngo-1915, amaNgisi athuthukisa ithangi elithi “Little Wanderer” alandela imizila yetrektha yaseMelika ethi “Brock”. Ngo-1916, amathangi “eSchnad” kanye “neSaint-Chamonix” athuthukiswe amaFulentshi alandela imizila yamatraktha aseMelika athi “Holt”. Ama-crawlers angene emlandweni wamathangi cishe iminyaka engama-90 entwasahlobo nasekwindla kuze kube manje, futhi imizila yanamuhla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinhlaka zawo noma izinto, ukucubungula, njll., ihlala icebisa indlu yengcebo yamathangi, futhi imizila ithuthuke yaba amathangi angamelana novivinyo lwempi.

Isakhiwo

Amathrekhi ayizindandatho eziguquguqukayo eziqhutshwa amasondo asebenzayo azungeze amasondo asebenzayo, amasondo omthwalo, amasondo okungenisa kanye nama-pulley okuthwala. Amathrekhi akhiwe yizicathulo zomkhondo kanye nama-track pins. Ama-track pins axhuma amathrekhi ukuze akhe isixhumanisi somkhondo. Iziphetho ezimbili zesicathulo somkhondo zimboziwe, zihlanganiswe nesondo elisebenzayo, futhi kukhona amazinyo abangela ukushelela phakathi, asetshenziselwa ukuqondisa umkhondo nokuvimbela umkhondo ukuthi ungawi lapho ithangi liphendulwa noma ligingqika, futhi kukhona ubambo oluqinile oluvimbela ukushelela (olubizwa ngokuthi iphethini) ohlangothini lokuxhumana komhlabathi ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kwesicathulo somkhondo kanye nokunamathela komkhondo emhlabathini.