Inzira zo gucukura za kabuturani igice cy'ingenzi cy'imashini ziremereye, zitanga imbaraga zo gufata no guhagarara ku butaka butandukanye. Imikorere n'uburambe bw'inzira za kabutike ni ingenzi cyane ku mikorere myiza n'umutekano w'abacukuzi n'ibindi bikoresho by'ubwubatsi. Kugira ngo barebe ko inzira za kabutike ari nziza, abakora ibizamini bikomeye byo gukanda no kwangirika. Ibi bizamini ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo bamenye ubushobozi bw'inzira yo kwihanganira imitwaro iremereye n'ibidukikije bikomeye. Muri iyi nkuru, turareba mu buryo bwimbitse amahame y'ibizamini, uburyo, n'ibitekerezo by'impuguke ku bijyanye no kudakanda no kwangirika kw'inzira za kabutike.

Ikizamini gisanzwe

Imiterere yo gukanda no kwangirika kwainzira zo gucukurabipimwa hakurikijwe amahame n'amabwiriza y'inganda. Ikigo Mpuzamahanga Gishinzwe Ubuziranenge (ISO) cyashyizeho amabwiriza yihariye yo gupima imiterere y'ibikoresho bya kabutura na pulasitiki, harimo n'inzira za kabutura zo gukoresha mu mashini z'ubwubatsi. ISO 16750 igaragaza uburyo bwo gupima uburyo bwo gupima ikoreshwa rya kabutura, ari na ngombwa cyane mu gusuzuma ubushobozi bw'ibikoresho bwo gusubira mu miterere yabyo nyuma yo gukandamizwa.

Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo kudashira kw'inzira z'imashini zicukura bupimwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza nka ISO 4649, atanga uburyo bwo kumenya uburyo bwo kudashira kw'imashini zicukura hakoreshejwe gupima igihombo cy'ingano mu buryo bugenwe. Gukurikiza aya mahame mpuzamahanga bitanga ibisubizo byizewe kandi bihoraho, bigatuma abakora ibikoresho bashobora gusuzuma neza ubwiza n'imikorere y'inzira zabo z'imashini.

Ikizamini cy'imikorere yo gukanda

Ikizamini cyo gukanda gikozwe kugira ngo gisuzume ubushobozi bwainzira za traktorikwihanganira igitutu munsi y'imitwaro iremereye no kubungabunga imiterere yayo. Mu gihe cyo gupima, ingero z'inzira ya rubber zishyirwa ku mbaraga zihariye zo gukanda, biganisha ku mimerere zihura nayo mu gihe cyo gukora. Imiterere y'ihindagurika n'imiterere y'ibikoresho bya rubber ikurikiranwa neza kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo bikanda, ari na byo bipima ihindagurika rihoraho nyuma yo gukuraho umutwaro ukanda.

Ikizamini kigamije gushyira umutwaro wagenwe ku nzira ya rubber mu gihe runaka hanyuma ukarekura umutwaro kugira ngo harebwe ubushobozi bw'inzira bwo gusubira mu ishusho yayo ya mbere. Ijanisha ry'ishyirwa ry'umutwaro rirabarwa hashingiwe ku itandukaniro riri hagati y'ubunini bw'ibanze bw'icyitegererezo n'ubunini bwacyo nyuma yo gukandamizwa. Aya makuru atanga ubumenyi bw'ingirakamaro ku buryo inzira iramba n'ubushobozi bwayo bwo kugumana ubusugire bw'ibipimo mu gihe cy'umuvuduko.

Ikizamini cyo kwirinda kwambara imyenda

Uretse kuba inzira z’umuvuduko zidashobora kwangirika, uburyo inzira z’umuvuduko zidashobora kwangirika ni ingenzi mu kugena ubuzima n’imikorere yazo. Isuzuma ry’uburyo inzira zidashobora kwangirika risuzuma ubushobozi bw’inzira zo guhangana n’ubusa n’ubusa busanzwe mu mirimo y’ubwubatsi n’iy’ubucukuzi. Ibikoresho byo gupima bikoresha ibikoresho bigabanya ubusa ku buso bw’inzira z’umuvuduko kugira ngo byigane ko inzira zisanzwe zangirika mu gihe cyo gukora.

Igihombo cy'umuyoboro w'icyuma (urugero,230x72x43) bitewe no kwangirika birapimwa kandi igipimo cyo kwangirika kirabarwa kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo ibikoresho bya rubber biramba n'ubushobozi bwabyo bwo kugumana imbaraga n'ubudahungabana mu gihe kirekire. Abakora ibikoresho bakoresha aya makuru kugira ngo bongere imiterere n'imiterere y'imihanda ya rubber, banoze uburyo bwo kwangirika kwayo n'imikorere muri rusange mu kazi gasaba imbaraga.

Igitekerezo cy'impuguke

Impuguke mu bijyanye n'imashini z'ubwubatsi n'inganda zikora inzira za kabutura zishimangira akamaro ko gupima uburyo bwo gukanda no kwangirika kugira ngo harebwe ko inzira za kabutura zikora neza kandi zizewe. Dr. John Smith, impuguke mu by'ubwubatsi bw'ibikoresho ifite uburambe bwinshi muriinzira zo gucukura umupiraibizamini, yagize ati: “Ubushobozi bw'imirongo ya rubber bwo kwihanganira gukandamizwa no kwangirika ni ingenzi ku mikorere yayo mu bikoresho biremereye. Ibizamini bikomeye ni ingenzi kugira ngo harebwe imikorere yayo. Kandi kuramba kw'imirongo ya rubber bitanga icyizere ku bakoresha ibikoresho n'amasosiyete y'ubwubatsi.”

Byongeye kandi, impuguke mu nganda zishimangira akamaro ko gukomeza ubushakashatsi no guteza imbere kugira ngo hongerwe imbaraga zo gukanda no kwangirika kw'inzira za kabutura. Binyuze mu gukoresha ibikoresho bigezweho n'ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, abakora bashobora kunoza imikorere n'ubuzima rusange bw'inzira za kabutura, bigafasha mu gutuma ibikorwa byo kubaka no gucukura birushaho kuba byiza kandi bitekanye.

Muri make, ibizamini byo gukanda no kurwanya kwangirika bigira uruhare runini mu gusuzuma ubwiza n'imikorere y'inzira z'imyenda yo gucukura. Gukurikiza amahame mpuzamahanga yo gupima, ibizamini byuzuye byo gukanda no kwangirika hamwe n'ubuhanga bw'inzobere ni ingenzi ku bakora kugira ngo batange inzira z'imyenda ziramba kandi zizewe zo gukoresha imashini ziremereye. Hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho, kunoza imikorere y'inzira z'imyenda bizafasha kunoza imikorere n'uburambe bw'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi mu bikorwa bitandukanye.