Perface

Ara rapaHe rauemi rapa, he mea whakarewa, he rauemi muka rānei i hangaia ki te rīpene mowhiti, he iti te pēhanga whenua, he nui te kukume, he iti te wiri, he iti te haruru, he pai te haere i te mara mākū, kāore he kino ki te mata o te rori, he tere te taraiwa, he iti te kounga me ētahi atu āhuatanga, ka taea te whakakapi i ētahi potae me ngā ara maitai mō ngā mīhini ahuwhenua, ngā mīhini hanga me ngā waka kawe o te wāhanga hikoi. Ka whakawhānui ake ngā ara rapa i te whānuitanga o te whakamahinga o ngā mīhini nekeneke ara me ngā wira, ka wikitoria i ngā here whenua kino ki ngā mahi miihini. Ko te Kamupene Bridgestone Hapanihi te tuatahi ki te whakawhanake angitu i ngā ara rapa i te tau 1968.

I tīmata te whanaketanga o ngā ara rapa i Haina i te mutunga o te tekau tau atu i 1980, ā, kua puta he whakaputanga papatipu, neke atu i te 20 ngā whare hanga. I ngā tekau tau atu i 1990, i whakawhanakehia e Zhejiang Linhai Jinlilong Shoes Co., Ltd. he mowhitimaitai ara rapaI whakamahia he tukanga whakaputa taura kore hononga, ā, i tono mō te patent, i whakatakoto i te turanga mō te umanga ara rapa o Haina ki te whakapai ake i te kounga hua, te whakaiti i ngā utu me te whakawhānui i te kaha whakaputa. He tino iti te kounga o ngā ara rapa o Haina, ā, he painga utu anō hoki kei waenganui i ngā hua o tāwāhi. E whakaatu ana tēnei tuhinga i ngā momo ara rapa, ngā whakaritenga mahi taketake, te hoahoa hua me ngā tukanga whakaputa.

Te momo me ngā whakaritenga mahi taketakets

1. 1 Momo
(1) E ai ki te momo taraiwa, ko teara rapaKa taea te wehewehe ki te momo niho wira, te momo kōhao wira me te momo taraiwa niho rapa (koura kore-matua) e ai ki te aratau taraiwa. He kōhao taraiwa kei te ara rapa niho wira, ā, ka whakaurua te niho taraiwa i runga i te wira taraiwa ki roto i te kōhao taraiwa kia neke ai te ara. He niho tuku whakarewa kei te ara rapa pūaha wira, ka whakaurua ki roto i ngā kōhao o te pūrere hei hono i te tuku. Ka whakamahia e ngā ara rapa niho rapa ngā puku rapa hei utu mō ngā tuku whakarewa, ā, ko te mata o roto o te ara e pā ana ki te mata o ngā wira taraiwa, te tuku waku.
(2) E ai ki te whakamahinga o ngā ara rapa, ka taea te wehewehe i ngā ara rapa mō ngā mīhini ahuwhenua, ngā ara rapa mō ngā mīhini hanga, ngā ara rapa mō ngā waka kawe, ngā ara rapa mō ngā waka e hikoi ana i te hukarere, me ngā ara rapa mō ngā waka hōia.

1. 2 Ngā whakaritenga mahi taketake

Ko ngā whakaritenga matua mō te mahi a ngā ara rapa ko te kukume, te kore e taea te wetewete, te ātete ki ngā ru me te pakari. Ko te kukume o ngā ara rapa e pā ana ki tōna kaha kume, te kaha kutikuti, te whānui o te ara, te pakari taha, te piko me te teitei o te poraka tauira, ā, ka pāngia hoki e ngā āhuatanga o te mata o te rori me ngā kawenga.

He pai ake te mahi kukume ara rapa. Ko te pakaru o te kore-wira e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whānui o te wira taraiwa, te whakaritenga o te wira me te roa o te ara ārahi. Ko te nuinga o te wā ka puta te tango-wira i waenganui i te wira hohe, te wira whakatītaha rānei me te hurihuri, ā, ko te pakari o te takahuri, te pakari taha, te ngāwari roa, te piko me te teitei o te flange o te ara rapa he pānga nui ki te kore-wira e tangohia.

He huarahi whai hua te tango i te pūtake wiri hei whakaiti i te wiri me te haruru, ā, e pā ana te wiri o te ara rapa ki te piko, te whirihoranga rotor, te tūranga pokapū o te taumaha, te mahi rapa me te whirihoranga poraka tauira. Ka whakaatuhia te pakari e te kaha o ngā ara rapa ki te tu atu i te pakū, te tapahi, te poka, te ngatata me te pakaru. I tēnei wā, he wāhanga ngoikore tonu ngā ara rapa, ā, ko te roanga o te ora o ngā hua matatau o tāwāhi he tata ki te 10,000 km noa iho. Haunga te kounga o ngā wāhanga tuku me te kukume, he mea nui te mahi rauemi rapa e pā ana ki te pakari o ngā ara rapa. Ehara i te mea he pai noa ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana o te rauemi rapa, he āhuatanga hihiri me te ātete ki te tawhito o te rangi, engari me whai āhuatanga piri pai hoki, mō ētahi hua kaupapa motuhake, me whai ātete tote me te kawakore, ātete hinu, ātete makariri me te ātete ahi me ētahi atu mahi a ngā rauemi rapa.