Ko te ātete ki te kakahu me te roa o te mahi a te ara taraka paru he mea nui tonu i roto i te umanga hanga me te maina. Ko te whai huatanga me te hua o te taraka paru e whakawhirinaki ana ki te roa me te mahi a te ara rapa. I te wā tawhito o Holocene, he maha ngā rangahau kua mahia hei whakapai ake i te ātete ki te kakahu me te roa o te mahi a te ara rapa taraka paru, ā, kua nui te ahunga whakamua i roto i te whakapai ake i ngā rauemi, te arotau i te hoahoa hanganga, te whakamātautau roa, me ētahi atu.

Te whakapai ake i ngā rauemi me te arotautanga o te hoahoa hanganga Ko tētahi o ngā wāhanga rangahau matua ko te whakapai ake i ngā rauemi o te taraka paru ara rapa. Ka whakawhanakehia e mātou he rauemi matatini matatau me te ātete ki te kakahu me te roa hei ārai i ngā āhuatanga mahi uaua i roto i ngā papa hanga me te maina. Ka taea e ēnei rauemi te whakarei ake i te kaha kume me te ātete ki te kakahu, te whakawhānui ake i te roa o te ora o te ara taraka paru me te whakaiti i ngā utu tiaki.

Te whakamātautau roa me te aroturuki i te kakahu. Haunga te whakapai ake i ngā rauemi me te hoahoa, i whakahaerehia he whakamātautau roa hei ine i te mahi a te ara taraka paru i raro i ngā āhuatanga mahi tau tūturu. Kua whakatinanahia he tikanga whakamātautau pakari hei ine i te ātete kakahu o te ara, te kaha ngenge me te roa whānui. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei whakamātautau he urunga whai hua ki roto i te whanonga o te ara, ka ārahi ki te whakatairanga i te whakapainga o te hanganga rauemi me te hoahoa hanganga. Heoi anō, ko te whakawhanaketanga o tētahi pūnaha aroturuki kakahu he mea hanga hangarau nui i roto i te mara o te ara taraka paru. Ka whakamahia e ēnei pūnaha te hangarau kite me te aroturuki matatau hei tirotiro i te āhua me te mahi kakahu i roto i te wā tau tūturu. Mā te aroturuki tonu i te āhuatanga kakahu, ka taea e te kaiwhakahaere te whakarite i te tiaki me te whakakapinga, te whakanui ake i te roa o te ara me te whakaiti i te wā kore mahi.

te māramatangangā purongo hangarauHe mea nui te whai i ngā purongo hangarau kia noho mōhio tonu ai ki ngā whanaketanga hou o ngā umanga rerekē. Ahakoa he whakapainga i roto i te taraka paru ara rapa, he mea hangarau hou rānei, mā te mārama ki ngā purongo hangarau ka taea te whai wāhi nui ki te ao o ngā rāngai rerekē. Mā te noho mōhio tonu, ka taea e te tangata te whakatika pai ake i ngā huringa me te whakatairanga i roto i te ao hangarau.