Perface

Waƙar robashine haɗin roba da ƙarfe ko kayan zare na tef ɗin zobe, tare da ƙaramin matsin ƙasa, babban jan hankali, ƙaramin girgiza, ƙarancin hayaniya, kyakkyawan damar shiga filin danshi, babu lalacewa ga saman hanya, saurin tuƙi mai sauri, ƙaramin inganci da sauran halaye, zai iya maye gurbin tayoyi da layukan ƙarfe kaɗan don injunan noma, injunan gini da motocin sufuri na ɓangaren tafiya. Layukan roba suna faɗaɗa iyakokin amfani da injunan hannu masu bin diddigi da ƙafafu, suna shawo kan ƙuntatawa daban-daban na ƙasa akan ayyukan injiniya. Kamfanin Bridgestone na Japan shine na farko da ya sami nasarar haɓaka layukan roba a cikin 1968.

Ci gaban hanyoyin roba a China ya fara ne a ƙarshen shekarun 1980, kuma yanzu ya samar da yawan samar da kayayyaki, tare da masana'antun samar da kayayyaki sama da 20. A shekarun 1990, kamfanin takalma na Zhejiang Linhai Jinlilong ya ƙirƙiro zobe.ƙarfe mai kama da robaTsarin samar da igiyar igiyar haɗin gwiwa ba tare da haɗin gwiwa ba kuma an nemi haƙƙin mallaka, wanda ya kafa harsashin masana'antar igiyar roba ta China don inganta ingancin samfura gaba ɗaya, rage farashi da faɗaɗa ƙarfin samarwa. Ingancin igiyar roba ta China ƙarami ne kuma gibin da ke tsakanin samfuran ƙasashen waje yana da fa'ida ta farashi. Wannan labarin ya gabatar da nau'ikan igiyar roba, buƙatun aiki na asali, ƙirar samfura da hanyoyin samarwa.

Iri-iri da buƙatun aiki na asalits

1. 1 Iri-iri
(1) Dangane da yanayin tuƙi,hanyar robaza a iya raba su zuwa nau'in haƙoran ƙafa, nau'in ramin ƙafa da nau'in tuƙin haƙoran roba (mai launin zinare mara tushe) bisa ga yanayin tuƙin. Hanyar robar haƙoran ƙafa tana da ramin tuƙi, kuma an saka haƙoran tuƙi a kan dabaran tuƙi a cikin ramin tuƙin don sa hanyar ta motsa. Hanyar robar da ke kan ƙafafun tana da haƙoran tuƙin ƙarfe, waɗanda aka saka a cikin ramukan da ke kan pulley kuma aka haɗa hanyar tuƙin. Hanyoyin robar da aka yi da haƙoran roba suna amfani da ƙusoshin roba maimakon watsa ƙarfe, kuma saman ciki na hanyar yana taɓa saman ƙafafun tuƙin, watsa gogayya.
(2) Dangane da amfani da hanyoyin roba bisa ga amfani, ana iya raba su zuwa hanyoyin roba na injinan noma, hanyoyin roba na injinan gini, hanyoyin roba na abin hawa, hanyoyin roba na abin hawa na dusar ƙanƙara, hanyoyin roba na abin hawa da hanyoyin roba na abin hawa na soja.

1. 2 Bukatun aiki na asali

Babban buƙatun aikin hanyoyin roba sune jan hankali, rashin rabuwa, juriyar girgiza da juriya. Jan hankalin hanyoyin roba yana da alaƙa da ƙarfin jan hankali, ƙarfin yankewa, saurin gudu, taurin gefe, tsayin tubalin da tsari, kuma yanayin saman hanya da kaya yana shafar shi.

Aikin jan ragamar hanyar roba ya fi kyau. Lalacewar da ba ta da ƙafa ya dogara ne kawai da diamita na tayar tuƙi, tsarin ƙafafun da tsawon jagorar hanya. Sauya ƙafafun galibi yana faruwa ne tsakanin ƙafafun da ke aiki ko ƙafafun da ke tayar da hankali da kuma na'urar juyawa, kuma taurin juyawa, taurin gefe, sassaucin tsayi, tsayin daka da tsayin flange na hanyar roba suma suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan rashin kashe ƙafafun.

Kawar da tushen girgiza hanya ce mai inganci don rage girgiza da hayaniya, kuma girgizar hanyar roba tana da alaƙa da sautin, tsarin rotor, matsayin tsakiyar nauyi, aikin roba da tsarin toshe tsari. Dorewa yana bayyana ta hanyar ikon hanyoyin roba don jure gogewa, yankewa, hudawa, fashewa da guntu. A halin yanzu, hanyoyin roba har yanzu sassa ne masu rauni, kuma rayuwar samfuran ƙasashen waje na zamani kusan kilomita 10,000 ne kawai. Baya ga ingancin sassan watsawa da jan hankali, aikin kayan roba muhimmin abu ne da ke shafar dorewar hanyoyin roba. Kayan roba ba wai kawai yana da kyawawan halaye na zahiri ba, halaye masu ƙarfi da juriyar tsufa, har ma yana buƙatar samun kyawawan halaye na mannewa, don wasu samfuran manufa ta musamman, kayan roba ya kamata su sami juriyar gishiri da alkali, juriyar mai, juriyar sanyi da hana gobara da sauran ayyuka.